Germany Shifts AWACS Troops From Libya Ops

BONN - The German parliament voted March 25 to approve the deployment of up to 300 soldiers to support NATO's AWACS (Airborne Warning and Control System) planes over Afghanistan.
The Bundestag vote, by a tally of 407-113, followed Germany's abstention from the U.N. Security Council's vote on March 17 to establish a no-fly zone over Libya. Germany will not take part in military missions in Libya.

"Because we have decided this, we have therefore [decided] to withdraw our mission as part of AWACS" aircraft that are operating in the Mediterranean, said Secretary of State Guido Westerwelle.
This move is a sign that Germany will not be neutral and does not want to endanger its allies in Libya, he said. Without the German presence in Afghanistan, NATO would not have been able to operate its AWACS planes in the Mediterranean, he said.
Germany withdrew its naval vessels from alliance operations in the Mediterranean a couple of days ago, after NATO decided to enforce a weapons embargo against Libya. A frigate, a minehunter and a reconnaissance vessel with about 300 sailors are still in the Mediterranean, but now under national command.
The AWACS mandate is scheduled to run until Jan. 31, 2012, and as long as there is a mandate of the U.N. Security Council.

French Willing to Assume Command of Libyan Air Ops

PARIS - France is capable of providing the command and control for the multinational military forces ranged against Libya in support of U.N. resolution 1973, which is aimed at protecting the civilian population and enforcing a no-fly zone, a French defense spokesman said.

A French Rafale jet fighter prepares to land March 21 at the aerial military base of Solenzara in Corsica. (Stephan Agostini / AFP via Getty Images)

The U.S. authorities provide the command structure that coordinates national contributions, and American officials have said they would like to hand over the command to the allies leading the European effort, namely Britain and France.

Asked if France has the means for assuming the command role, Army Col. Thierry Burkhard, spokesman for the Joint Staff, told the daily briefing on French operations in Libya, "France has the means."
Each country proposes its military capabilities in the Libyan theater and the U.S. command structure "deconflicts" them, deputy Defense Ministry spokesman Philippe Pontiès said.
Any NATO involvement in the command structure would be in a "support" role, Pontiès said.
France opposes the command function being assumed by NATO, which French officials view as highly bureaucratic, daily Le Monde reported.
The U.S. Ramstein base in Germany has the most extensive facilities for the command mission, French Defense Ministry spokesman Laurent Teissere told journalists.
On the third day of air operations over Libya, dubbed Operation Harmattan, the French Air Force had flown more than 55 sorties and over 400 hours, Burkhard said. The aircraft did not fire on the third day, he said.
Amid international concern over the bombardment of Libya over the weekend by coalition forces, French Foreign Minister Alain Juppé said March 21 that the allies' action had prevented a "bloodbath" in Benghazi by saving civilian lives in the city.
Some 20 aircraft had flown on March 22 to enforce the no-fly zone, as Rafale and Mirage 2000 jets patrolled the skies over Benghazi, flying air superiority missions and threatening ground strikes against Libyan Army armor. They were supported by in-flight refueling tankers and airborne warning and control systems aircraft. The Corsican airbase of Solenzara has become the base for those combat aircraft.
As announced, the Charles de Gaulle carrier and its task force would arrive on station off the Libyan coast on March 22, and its fleet of Rafales and Super Etendard fighters would be operational over Libya "as of tomorrow," a French defense spokesman said.

Putin Announces Doubling of Missile Production

MOSCOW - Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin said March 21 that Russia will double production of missile systems beginning in 2013 as the government plans to spend $2.7 billion to launch their serial production until 2020.
"New missile weapons, strategic and tactical, such as Yars, Bulava and Iskander-M, will enter service, and beginning in 2013 the production output of missile systems should effectively double," Putin said.

Speaking in Votkinsk at a government meeting dedicated to the $670 billion 2011-2020 state arms procurement program, Putin added that the local Votkinsk plant will get $340 million for its modernization within the next three years. Other companies involved in the same production chain with the Votkinsk plant will get $190 million to upgrade their equipment in the next three years, the prime minister said.
The Votkinsk plant, launched in the Volga region Udmurtia republic in 1984, produces the Topol-M, Yars and Bulava intercontinental ballistic missiles, which are expected to remain the core of Russia's strategic nuclear forces for decades ahead.
Putin, who visited the plant March 21, called it "the most key one in the whole industry," adding that it will enjoy guaranteed state defense orders.
Under the New START nuclear arms reduction treaty between Russia and the United States, which went into effect in February, both countries should have up to 1,550 nuclear warheads and 700 deployed launchers. According to the official disclosure, Russia now has more than 4,000 nuclear warheads and over 800 deployed launchers.

UAE Says Role in Libya Limited to Aid

ABU DHABI - The United Arab Emirates said on March 21 that its involvement in Libya is limited to humanitarian assistance, after reports that it would send warplanes to patrol a U.N.-backed no-fly zone.
The UAE's "role in Libya is strictly confined to delivery of humanitarian assistance," a statement on official WAM news agency said.

Italian news agency ANSA had reported that planes from the UAE were expected to arrive at an Italian air force base March 20 to take part in operations over Libya.
An international coalition has carried out air and missile strikes on forces loyal to Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi, after the United Nations Security Council passed a resolution calling for the establishment of a no-fly zone over Libya to stop government forces crushing a popular uprising.
The UAE, along with Jordan, Morocco and Qatar, was among the Arab nations which took part in a summit in Paris on March 19 on the Libyan crisis.

Turkey Irked by Libya Air Strikes, Seeks NATO Clarification

ANKARA - Turkey criticized on March 21 the Western-led coalition air strikes on Libya and said it was awaiting clarification on a possible role for NATO in the operation.
Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu, whose country is NATO's sole Muslim-majority member, criticized the way the coalition force that began bombing Libya at the weekend was formed following the U.N. Security Council resolution calling for a ceasefire and authorizing a no-fly zone.

"There is a certain procedure under international law for the formation of such coalitions. We do not believe that this procedure was sufficiently observed," he told reporters.
He stressed the international community's objective in Libya should be "not to launch of a large-scale war" similar to those in Afghanistan and Iraq but "to provide humanitarian aid, stop the escalation of fighting through an arms embargo and prevent clashes through a no-fly zone."
At a meeting in Brussels on March 20, Turkey effectively delayed a NATO decision on possible action in Libya as it called for a review of existing plans and stressed that civilians must be protected.
"We asked very legitimate questions and it was not an effort to hinder anything," Davutoglu said of the March 20 meeting.
"Those are questions about principles, about how operations under U.N. leadership should be carried out and how consultations should take place within NATO... There will be another session today to answer those questions," he said, referring to a meeting in Brussels later March 21
The minister stressed that any contribution that Turkey might offer would be aimed "at laying the ground for peace, stability (in Libya) and lasting Turkish-Libyan friendship."
Earlier, Defence Minister Vecdi Gonul said Ankara was perplexed by France's leadership in the air strikes, Anatolia news agency reported.
"It does not seem quite possible for us to understand France's being so much at the forefront in this action. We have difficulties in understanding (its action) as if it is the implementer of the UN resolution," Gonul was quoted as saying.
Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan was to discuss the situation with U.S. President Barack Obama in a telephone call later March 21 when he returns from a visit to Saudi Arabia, Davutoglu said.
Erdogan has voiced hope the ongoing military operations will be over "as quickly as possible".

U.N. Security Council to Meet on Libya: Diplomats

UNITED NATIONS - The U.N. Security Council will hold a closed door meeting on Libya March 21, diplomats said, amid rising international criticism of air strikes directed at the regime of Moammar Gadhafi.
Missile and air strikes launched over the weekend by U.S., British and French forces targeted Libyan air defense systems to impose a no fly zone on Gadhafi's forces, and on March 20 demolished a building in the Libyan leader's compound.

The Libyan foreign ministry, in a statement over the weekend, demanded an emergency session of the Security Council "following the French-American-British aggression against Libya, an independent state and member of the United Nations."
"The member states are going to study this demand and make a pronouncement," said a diplomat, speaking on condition of anonymity.
As it will be a closed door session, Libya was unlikely to be represented in the discussions, a diplomat said.
The Security Council passed a resolution on March 17 authorizing the use of "all necessary measures" to protect civilians and impose the no-fly zone after Gadhafi's forces appeared on the verge of crushing a month-long rebellion.
But on March 20, the Arab League's Secretary General Amr Mussa expressed misgivings about the air strikes, even though the 22-member Arab body on March 12 called for a no fly zone and declared that Gadhafi had lost his legitimacy.
"What has happened in Libya differs from the goal of imposing a no-fly zone and what we want is the protection of civilians and not bombing other civilians," Mussa told reporters.
"From the start we requested only that a no-fly zone be set up to protect Libyan civilians and avert any other developments or additional measures," he added.
Mussa later said his comments had been misinterpreted but Germany, which along with four other members of the Security Council abstained from voting on the resolution, pointed his apparent second thoughts as vindication of its reservations.
"We calculated the risks, and when we see that three days after this intervention began, the Arab League has already criticized this intervention, I think we see we had good reasons," German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwell said March 21.
Russian President Vladimir Putin on March 21 slammed the resolution as "a medieval call to crusade" and testament to the U.S. tendency to use force against Third World countries.
"The resolution by the Security Council, of course, is defective and flawed," Russian news agencies quoted Putin as telling workers on a visit to a missile factory.
"I am concerned about the ease with which the decision to use force was taken," he said.
Russia, China, Germany, Brazil and India all abstained from the resolution authorizing the use of force.

Britain Seeks Parliament's Support for Libya Attacks

LONDON - British Prime Minister David Cameron will seek support from parliament March 21 for military action in Libya, as ministers and military chiefs appeared at odds over targeting Moammar Gadhafi himself.
The House of Commons is expected to vote strongly in support of the intervention, which has so far seen two nights of British air and sea attacks as part of an international assault against the Libyan leader's forces.

Cameron has the support of his Conservative party and their Liberal Democrat coalition partners, as well as the opposition Labour party.
But questions are likely to be asked about the aim of the strikes, which are intended to implement a U.N. Security Council resolution on a ceasefire and a no-fly zone to protect civilians from Gadhafi's troops.
The defense minister suggested Gadhafi himself would be a legitimate target, but the head of the armed forces flatly denied this.
The lack of Arab involvement in the first wave of air strikes, despite the Arab League's support for the U.N. resolution, has also sparked concern and provoked comparisons with the U.S.-led 2003 war in Iraq.
In addition, Cameron will probably face questions about the risk of Britain being drawn into a ground war, although he has insisted there will be no ground invasion of Libya.
Acutely aware of the controversies in Britain's involvement in the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq, the prime minister has consistently argued that his first military action since taking office in May last year is "necessary, legal and right".
But confusion has emerged over the goals of the mission.
When asked by the BBC Sunday whether British forces could legitimately target Gadhafi, Defence Secretary Liam Fox said "that would potentially be a possibility", although he warned of the potential risk to civilians.
U.S. Defence Secretary Robert Gates slapped down his comments, telling reporters as he travelled to Russia that it would be "unwise" to have coalition forces try to kill Gadhafi.
But Foreign Secretary William Hague refused to rule out the option March 21, saying: "I'm not going to speculate on the targets... that depends on the circumstances at the time."
Hague had previously said "the resolution is not about regime change", saying that while Britain wanted to see Gadhafi leave power, "what we will do militarily is to enforce the United Nations resolution".
Meanwhile the head of the British military, Gen. David Richards, said Gadhafi was "absolutely not" a target, as the U.N. resolution did not allow it.
British forces bombarded Libyan targets for a second night March 20, launching Tomahawk missiles from a submarine in the Mediterranean. A Tornado air strike was aborted at the last minute because of fears that civilians would be hit.
Ministers have denied reports from Tripoli that civilians were being killed in the international assault.
Military spokesman Maj. Gen. John Lorimer told reporters March 21 that the attacks had been "highly effective in degrading Libyan air defenses and command and control capability".
Cameron has said repeatedly that there will be no British invasion of the Libya and rejected any comparisons with the Iraq war, noting that the current action was to implement a U.N. resolution backed by the Arab League.
Despite criticism from Arab League secretary general Amr Mussa at the weekend that the air strikes went beyond the U.N. resolution, Cameron's spokesman said the premier had spoken to Mussa on March 21 and believed they were "on the same page" on Libya.
Some British lawmakers remain skeptical about the mission, however.
"What I feel is missing here is any assessment of what the implications are," said Jeremy Corbyn, a left-wing Labour lawmaker who opposes the assault.
He told Sky News: "Maybe some way out for Gadhafi is a good thing. But what is happening now is bombing. Civilians are going to get injured, and at some point they are going to say they want boots on the ground."