Hezbollah Releases Drone Surveillance Footage of Israeli Military Infrastructure in Golan Heights

 Following the release of drone footage by Lebanon-based Hezbollah showing Israel's military sites, a second high-definition video has surfaced, heightening fears of a possible conflict. On July 9, Hezbollah (allegedly backed by Iran) published drone footage revealing sensitive Israeli military facilities in the Golan Heights, under Israeli control. The footage, containing images and coordinates of military targets in Northern Israel, has circulated widely on social media and messaging apps like Telegram. Reports indicate that the 10-minute video was captured by drones over Israeli intelligence bases, command centers, and military camps in the occupied Syrian Golan Heights.

This marks Hezbollah's second such drone operation. Last month, they released a nearly ten-minute video from spy drones over various Israeli locations, including Haifa's seaport and airport. Despite Israel's advanced air defense systems, these drones, known as 'Hoopoe,' have managed to evade detection and capture footage of Israeli infrastructure in June 2024. Hezbollah regularly deploys both surveillance and attack drones into Israel, using the collected data for subsequent strikes.

The recent footage is significant as it comes shortly after Hezbollah claimed responsibility for a drone attack on an Israeli military intelligence base on Mount Hermon in the Golan Heights on July 7. Israel responded with counter-strikes on Hezbollah buildings in southern Lebanon. Rising tensions between Israel and Iran-backed Hezbollah have sparked concerns of a large-scale conflict, prompting several countries to evacuate their citizens from Lebanon. The US Pentagon has warned of a potential catastrophe if war erupts.

Harrison Mann, a former Defense Intelligence Agency major, indicated that the US might become involved in a regional conflict if another war breaks out between Israel and Lebanon. Despite these warnings, both sides continue to engage in regular hostilities. Hezbollah opposes Israel's actions in Gaza, calling them genocidal, and recently declared that Hamas' attack on Israel was a precursor to Israel's destruction.

With no signs of de-escalation, Hezbollah's recording of Israeli military sites is seen as an effort to bypass Israel's renowned surveillance and air defense technology. According to Reuters, following the deaths of senior commanders in Israeli airstrikes, Hezbollah has adopted low-tech methods to evade advanced Israeli surveillance. Hezbollah's leader, Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah, described this as a "blinding" campaign against Israel, utilizing drones to research and target Israeli intelligence capabilities.

Israel claims to have killed several Hezbollah operatives in response to their attacks. The IDF routinely sends surveillance drones over the border and uses advanced electronic eavesdropping. However, Hezbollah has adapted its strategies, avoiding traceable cell phones and using traditional communication methods and code phrases. Hezbollah also operates a private communication network dating back to the early 2000s, using couriers to update codes regularly.

Hezbollah showcases its intelligence-gathering and UAV capabilities, including an attack on Israel's Sky Dew observation balloon. Although these claims couldn't be independently verified, there is substantial evidence and social media claims indicating evolving combat strategies within Hezbollah's ranks.

Could Israel Acquire F-22 Raptors as the US Air Force Retires Them?

 

The US Air Force (USAF) plans to retire its older F-22 Raptors in 2024, deeming upgrades too costly. However, Israel, a key ally, might find value in acquiring these fifth-generation fighter jets despite upgrade expenses surpassing $2 billion. 

Unlike the widely exported F-35, the F-22 has only been operated by the US due to a 1990s Congressional ban aimed at preventing its advanced stealth technology from reaching adversaries like Russia and China.

Former President Donald Trump once considered selling the F-22 to Israel to maintain its military edge, especially after agreeing to sell F-35s to the UAE. With the USAF seeking to redirect funds from retiring Block 20 F-22s to new projects like hypersonic missile development and the Next Generation Air Dominance (NGAD) fighter, 32 out of 185 F-22s are set for storage. Despite operational costs of $485 million annually, experts argue that transferring these aircraft to Israel would bolster US allies against threats from Iran, Russia, and China.

National security analyst Brandon J. Weichert suggests that selling F-22s to Israel could help reopen production lines, reduce costs, and sustain the jet's long-term viability. The F-22, although not designed for export, offers unparalleled capabilities, as demonstrated in exercises like Northern Edge 2006, where it achieved a 108-to-zero kill ratio against top fighter jets.

Developed under the Advanced Tactical Fighter (ATF) program, the F-22 Raptor is a single-seat, twin-engine stealth fighter with superior air-to-air and ground attack capabilities. Despite its high cost and certain limitations, such as a relatively short range and small weapons magazine, the F-22 remains a formidable asset. The USAF originally planned to procure 750 units but scaled down to 187 by 2009, with the last delivery in 2012.

As the USAF considers the future of its F-22 fleet, transferring some of these aircraft to Israel could ensure the US remains strategically prepared with well-armed allies, particularly amid growing global tensions.

Iranian Navy’s IRIS Sahand Frigate Sinks Mysteriously in Bandar Abbas Port

 The Iranian Navy recently suffered a significant loss when the frigate IRIS Sahand [F-74] unexpectedly sank at the port of Bandar Abbas. Reports from Iranian and Russian sources indicate that the cause of the sinking remains unclear. The frigate, docked at the southern Iranian port on the Persian Gulf, was found lying on its left side, with parts of its starboard side and conning tower visible above the waterline. Iranian media have acknowledged the "incident" but have not provided detailed explanations, referring to it as an accident.

The IRIS Sahand [F-74] is relatively new, having joined the fleet on December 1, 2018. It was constructed at the Shahid Darvishi Marine Industries shipyard in Bandar Abbas, near the Strait of Hormuz. Sahand is the third vessel in the Mowj project lineup, following its predecessors, Jamaran and Damavand.

Named after a volcano, the IRIS Sahand carries the legacy of its predecessor, a British-built Vosper Mk. 5 light frigate that was lost during combat with American forces in Operation Praying Mantis in 1988. The current IRIS Sahand made headlines in 2021 by traveling from the Persian Gulf to the Baltic Sea to participate in the Main Naval Parade of the Russian Navy.

The IRIS Sahand is a Moudge-class frigate, domestically produced in Iran. It was launched in November 2012 and entered service in December 2018. The vessel measures approximately 94 meters (308 feet) in length and 11 meters (36 feet) in beam, with a draft of about 3.25 meters (10.7 feet). These dimensions enable it to perform a variety of naval operations across different maritime environments.

Powered by four diesel engines, the IRIS Sahand can reach speeds of up to 30 knots and has a range of about 3,700 nautical miles when cruising at 15 knots. With a displacement of around 1,500 tons, it is classified as a light frigate but is equipped with advanced systems and weaponry, making it a versatile and formidable part of the Iranian Navy.

The frigate features an array of systems, including radar, sonar, and electronic warfare capabilities, enhancing its ability to detect, track, and engage various threats. Its advanced communication systems enable seamless coordination with other naval units.

The IRIS Sahand typically has a crew of around 140 personnel, including officers, sailors, and specialized technicians responsible for operating and maintaining the ship’s diverse systems and weaponry. The crew size ensures efficient operations and readiness for various missions.

In terms of armaments, the IRIS Sahand is well-equipped with anti-ship missiles like the Noor and Qader, capable of striking enemy vessels over long distances. For defense against multi-spectrum threats, it is armed with torpedoes, naval guns, and surface-to-air missiles. Additionally, it features close-in weapon systems (CIWS) for point defense against incoming missiles and aircraft.

Western Sanctions Fail to Diminish Russian Military-Industrial Output Amid Ukraine Conflict

 

Despite extensive sanctions and significant efforts, Western nations have been unable to effectively undermine Russia's military-industrial complex. This issue extends beyond electronic components, which continue to reach Russia through alternative and more costly routes despite export restrictions. The production of shells, missiles, armored vehicles, and drones has surged, enabling President Vladimir Putin to persist in his aggressive campaign against a neighboring country.

Experts from the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), Jack Watling and Gary Somerville, attribute the West's failure to halt Russia’s military operations to a lack of a unified approach during the initial sanction phase, among other factors.

A significant issue is Europe’s lack of infrastructure to enforce sanctions effectively, unlike the United States. Europe has historically treated sanctions more as a regulatory tool rather than economic warfare, aiming to shame rather than significantly disrupt harmful activities.

Despite the concerted efforts of Ukraine's international allies, Russia continues to obtain nitrocellulose from Germany, Turkey, and Taiwan. Additionally, it sources other essential raw materials for explosives globally, allowing rapid escalation in ammunition production. Since the war began, Russia has significantly increased its production of:

• 152-mm artillery shells: Increasing production by 5.3 times, from 250,000 per year to an expected 1.325 million in 2024. Around 800,000 122-mm shells are expected this year.
• Grad multiple launch rocket systems: Production will increase by 15.2 times, from 33,000 to over 500,000 shells. The Uragan system will see a 6.1 times increase, from 2,800 in 2023 to 17,000 this year.
• Kh-101 cruise missiles: Production has increased from 56 units in 2021 to a projected 420 units in 2023, aiming for 460 units.
• 9M723 Iskander missiles: Production has more than tripled, rising from 50 in reserve at the start of 2023 to 180 within a year.
• Iranian Shahed-136 drones: Production has surged 6.3 times, with collaborative production in Russia and Iran now exceeding 250 units monthly.

Estimating armored vehicle production in Russia is challenging. In 2024, Russia is projected to produce around 1,500 tanks and 3,000 other armored vehicles, with 85% being refurbished from existing stocks. The production of new armored vehicles is also increasing, with the Kurgan Machine-Building Plant's BMP-3 units production recorded at 100, 108, 120, and 135 units quarterly in 2023.

Russian manufacturers have adapted to losing access to Thales’ thermal imagers from France by substituting them with Chinese and Belarusian alternatives. These conversions require machine modifications, but significant imports from the United States, Europe, Taiwan, and other countries continue, including essential software updates.

The importation of dual-use goods critical to Russia's military-industrial strength has surged since President Putin met with Chinese President Xi Jinping in March 2023, according to a report by the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS). Deliveries of helicopter parts, navigation systems, and precision machinery for weapons and aircraft components have jumped from a few thousand to nearly 30,000 monthly, enabling the Kremlin to expedite the production of armaments like armored vehicles, artillery, missiles, and drones. This boost has fortified their defenses during the Ukrainian counteroffensive in 2023, explained CSIS senior fellow Max Bergmann.

Russia Claims to Shoot Down US Global Hawk Drone Over Black Sea

 

After Russia blamed the United States for a Ukrainian ATACMS missile strike on Crimea, which resulted in civilian casualties, claims emerged on social media suggesting that Russian forces had shot down a US RQ-4B Global Hawk Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) over the Black Sea.

Prominent Russian military bloggers, including Fighterbomber, which reportedly has close Kremlin ties, shared these claims. They asserted on Telegram that a Russian MiG-31 interceptor had downed a US RQ-4B UAV over the Black Sea. Some bloggers even mentioned that Russian President Vladimir Putin praised the pilot responsible for the mission.

The Fighterbomber channel stated, “If [the Americans] fly again, it means they are prepared for the loss of a Global Hawk (or even more than one).”

However, these claims lack concrete evidence. The Kremlin has not acknowledged the rumors, and neither the Ukrainian Armed Forces nor the US military has commented on them.

The claims have generated significant discussion among Ukrainian military bloggers and open-source intelligence accounts tracking the ongoing conflict. A popular account expressed skepticism, noting, “If an interception or attack on a Global Hawk happened, we would likely see a video from the Russian Ministry of Defense.”

 Kyiv-based security analyst Jimmy Rushton wrote on X (formerly Twitter) that no such incident occurred over the Black Sea and that the pro-Russian accounts’ claims were fake news. As of this report, the US Department of Defense (DoD) had not commented on these developments.

Meanwhile, Ukrainian military bloggers reported that the drone in question returned to its base unharmed.

These claims followed the Kremlin's accusation that the United States was responsible for a Ukrainian ATACMS missile attack on Crimea, which resulted in at least four deaths and 151 injuries. Moscow officially warned the American ambassador of impending retaliation.

The Russian Defense Ministry stated, “All flight missions for the American ATACMS operational-tactical missiles are planned by American specialists using US satellite reconnaissance data. Therefore, responsibility for the deliberate missile attack on civilians in Sevastopol primarily lies with Washington, which supplied these weapons to Ukraine, as well as the Kyiv regime, from whose territory this attack was launched.”

While the Russian MoD did not directly link the ATACMS attack to the RQ-4B UAV, Russian media suggested that the US reconnaissance drone circled over the Black Sea during the Ukrainian attack on Sevastopol. These reports, based on Flightradar flight tracking data, indicated that the Global Hawk might have supported Ukrainian troops during the attack, raising fears of escalating tensions between the Cold War rivals.

The incident echoes a previous event where Russian fighter jets dumped fuel over an MQ-9 Reaper drone over the Black Sea, causing it to lose control and crash into the sea.

The Global Hawk is an advanced aerial reconnaissance system that operates at high altitudes for extended periods, controlled remotely without an onboard crew and unarmed. It has a history of numerous missions across various conflict zones. Equipped with integrated sensors and cameras, it can continuously capture high-resolution images of large areas, day or night, and in all weather conditions. According to manufacturer Northrop Grumman, the Global Hawk can detect targets over 340 miles away from its 60,000-foot operating altitude.

The drone complements manned and space reconnaissance systems by providing continuous, near-real-time coverage using imagery intelligence (IMINT) and signals intelligence (SIGINT) sensors. The precise range of its cameras and sensors remains classified.

The MQ-4A variant of the Global Hawk was shot down by Iranian forces in June 2023 while flying over the Strait of Hormuz, leading to a statement from Iran’s Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) that the UAV had breached Iranian airspace, sending a “clear message to America.”

The Global Hawk has been extensively used by US forces for sophisticated military operations and has been sold to countries like South Korea and Japan for enhanced surveillance and reconnaissance.

The drone played a critical role in Operation ‘Inherent Resolve’ against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), providing real-time imagery and signals intelligence to help commanders make crucial decisions, distinguish between friendly and enemy forces, identify long-term targets, and monitor hostile equipment movements.

Recently, the US Air Force deployed RQ-4 Global Hawks to a base in Japan as part of a rotational deployment strategy to support sustained operations in the region and maintain a “free and open Indo-Pacific region.”

Russia has frequently noted how NATO and US aircraft, such as the RC-135 Rivet, RQ-4B Global Hawk drone, and the E-8 Joint STARS reconnaissance aircraft, fly around Ukraine’s coast and the Black Sea to support Kyiv’s military operations.

The Global Hawk was reportedly involved in the October 2022 maritime drone strike on the Russian Navy’s Black Sea Fleet in Crimea’s Sevastopol. Russian forces have cited the drone's involvement in several such Ukrainian operations.

Moscow is using the ATACMS attack to strengthen its argument that it is fighting a proxy war against the West, questioning Washington’s intentions.

Russia Intensifies Air Strikes on Ukrainian Airfields Amid Arrival of F-16 Fighter Jets

 

As Ukraine prepares to receive its first F-16 fighter jets, there has been an increase in Russian air strikes targeting Ukrainian airfields. These strikes appear to be Moscow’s attempt to disrupt Kyiv’s infrastructure needed to operate the F-16s.

Reports on social media suggest that on June 22, the Russian Black Sea Fleet attacked Ukrainian infrastructure, including the Vasilkov airfield near Kyiv, using sea-launched Kalibr cruise missiles. A video on Platform X (formerly Twitter) showed at least four missiles in flight. Photos on social media later depicted the alleged destruction caused by the attack. Pro-Russian military bloggers made these claims, but the Ukrainian Armed Forces have not commented.

Military analysts suggest the strategy aims to weaken the Ukrainian Air Force by destroying potential F-16 bases. If accurate, this would be the second strike on Vasilkov this month. Earlier reports indicated an oil depot at the airfield was targeted, causing a fire visible from space.

Previously, Russia also launched missile strikes on Starokostyantyniv in the Khmelnytsky area, another potential F-16 base. Russia has threatened to strike any Ukrainian airfield housing the F-16s, most of which are within the range of Russian missiles. Ukraine has announced plans to station some F-16s on NATO territory to safeguard them from attacks.

Ukraine is set to receive F-16s from Denmark in the coming weeks, with additional pledges from the Netherlands, Norway, and Belgium. Some donor countries have suggested using the jets for strikes inside Russia, heightening Kremlin concerns.

While facing relentless Russian air strikes, Ukraine has been targeting Russian air defenses in preparation for the F-16s’ arrival. The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) noted Ukraine’s efforts to degrade Russian air defenses to enable effective use of manned aircraft. Recent Ukrainian actions have targeted key Russian air defense systems, including modern systems like the S-400, which were hit by Ukrainian drones.

The S-300/S-400 air defense systems and Su-57 fighters are vital for Russia to restrict Ukrainian air operations and support its offensive. Kyiv has strategically targeted these platforms as both sides engage in intense aerial strikes.

On June 23, Russian authorities reported that Ukrainian drone and missile attacks on Crimea resulted in six deaths and over 100 injuries. Russia blamed both the United States and Ukraine, claiming the attack involved US-provided ATACMS missiles. Russian air defenses reportedly shot down 33 Ukrainian drones over Bryansk, Smolensk, Lipetsk, and Tula.

Additionally, reports suggest Ukraine attacked a Russian warehouse used for launching and training with Iranian-made drones. Satellite images confirmed the destruction of facilities in the Krasnodar Territory on June 21.

Russia has also increased the use of guided bombs on Ukrainian territory, with recent attacks in Kharkiv resulting in multiple fatalities. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has called on allies to strengthen Ukraine’s air defenses, emphasizing the need for modern systems like Patriots, accelerated pilot training for F-16s, and extended weapon range.

Over the weekend, Russia targeted Ukraine’s power infrastructure, marking the ninth attack on energy installations in three months, according to Ukraine’s energy ministry.

Turkey Signs $23B Deal for Advanced F-16 Jets to Modernize Air Force and Boost NATO Ties

 

Turkey has officially signed an agreement to purchase new F-16 fighters from the United States, a major step in its efforts to modernize its air force. The deal, confirmed on June 13 by Turkey's defense ministry and the U.S. State Department, marks a significant development in the bilateral defense relationship.

In October 2021, Turkey requested to buy 40 F-16 Block 70/72 fighters to replace its aging F-4E Phantoms. This request also included 79 modernization kits to upgrade older F-16s to similar standards. Although the sale faced initial resistance in Washington, Turkey's support for Sweden's NATO membership and its strong stance against Russia have eased opposition. U.S. Ambassador to Ankara, Jeffrey Flake, called the deal "beneficial for U.S. national security, Turkish national security, and NATO interoperability."

State Department Deputy Spokesperson Vedant Patel highlighted in January that both President Biden and Secretary Blinken have consistently supported the modernization of Turkey’s F-16 fleet, viewing it as a critical investment in NATO interoperability. Currently, Turkey is the largest foreign operator of the F-16, a fighter jet first introduced in 1974. However, Turkey’s F-16 variants are outdated, relying on mechanically scanned array radars with limited electronic warfare and situational awareness capabilities.

Turkey has initiated avionics modernization for 35 of its F-16 Block 30 jets, but NATO’s Turkish fleet still lags behind the more advanced air forces in the region. Countries like the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain have more sophisticated F-16 variants, while Egypt and Syria use enhanced MiG-29s with phased array radars, and Iran is set to deploy advanced Su-35s.

Enhancing Turkey’s aerial capabilities is crucial for NATO’s broader strategic interests, especially as regional challenges to U.S. influence intensify. Turkey’s military actions against Syria and other Iranian-aligned entities, along with support for jihadist affiliates, have complicated the regional military landscape, impacting the efforts of groups like Hezbollah and factions in Syria from focusing on Israel and the United States.

The F-16 Block 70/72 is a ‘4+ generation’ fighter with advanced avionics comparable to those in the latest F-35 stealth fighters. This variant features the APG-83 active electronically scanned array radar, making it a formidable platform for electronic warfare and providing superior situational awareness. The new F-16 variant’s advanced sensors and weapons systems significantly surpass those of older models, which were equipped with less sophisticated technology from the Cold War era and early 2000s.

Initially designed as a cost-effective, lightweight alternative to the F-15, the F-16 continues to play a vital role in U.S. and allied air forces. Turkey’s $23 billion order for the new F-16s will significantly boost the program, particularly as global demand for the aging fighter jet has waned.

Ukraine Successfully Intercepts Russian Kh-101 Missile with Cluster Warhead for the First Time

 

Ukrainian forces have successfully intercepted a Russian Kh-101 cruise missile equipped with a cluster warhead for the first time, as reported by Defense Express. This interception occurred on the night of June 7, when a Tu-95MS bomber launched five Kh-101/Kh-555 cruise missiles, all of which were neutralized by the Ukrainian Air Force.

An officer from the Armed Forces, blogging under “Colonel GSH,” discussed this event, highlighting that the Kh-101 variant features both a high-explosive warhead and a cluster warhead. These missiles are likely intended for airfield attacks.

The frequency of Russia deploying these missiles in Ukraine remains uncertain, and there is limited information on the production distribution of various warhead types. However, it is known that Russia started producing Kh-101 missiles with dual warheads as of March. Earlier Russian sources had indicated that the Kh-101's warhead capacity increased to 800 kilograms, though this reduces its range.

In May, Defense Express noted an event on May 8 where a recently manufactured Russian Kh-101 missile was intercepted, underscoring the fresh deployment of these weapons. The Kh-101 series is distinguished by its dual warhead configuration, which includes a 450-kilogram warhead and an additional 350-kilogram warhead. There is no information confirming the presence of a cluster warhead among the two.

This dual warhead capability, achieved by reducing the fuel tank size, results in a decreased flight range from about 5,500 kilometers to approximately 2,250 kilometers. The dual warhead concept was first mentioned by Sergei Shoigu, head of the Russian Ministry of Defense, in January 2024 during a visit to the Raduga missile design bureau. This development raises concerns about its implications for ongoing conflicts.

The new warhead incorporates pre-made damaging components typically found in anti-aircraft missiles, now posing a greater threat to ground targets. Russian sources had speculated about the Kh-101 housing dual warheads as early as mid-2022.

The Kh-101's recent enhancements, including its guidance system and optical and electronic components, mark a significant advancement. The updated Kh-101 now features three fixed lenses, improving accuracy compared to its predecessor. Both the Kh-101 and its nuclear variant, the Kh-102, incorporate stealth features and other advancements.

The Kh-102, capable of carrying a 20-kiloton nuclear warhead, is a key component of Russia’s nuclear arsenal, boasting a longer range than the US AGM-158 JASSM cruise missile. Upgraded strategic bombers like the Tu-160M and Tu-95MSM can carry the Kh-101 missile, which can have different warheads including high explosive, penetration high explosive, and submunitions.

Russia claims the Kh-101 can accurately hit moving targets within 10 meters, usually within 7 meters, at distances up to 5,500 kilometers. The missile, made entirely of Russian parts by the Raduga Design Bureau, was first used in combat in November 2015 during Russia’s involvement in the Syrian civil war. While initial strikes were largely on target, one missile reportedly landed in Iran near the city of Shush, about 750 kilometers from the Syrian border.

Hezbollah Destroys Israeli Iron Dome with Iranian Almas Missile: Details and Implications

 In a significant show of strength, Lebanon-based militant group Hezbollah recently claimed to have destroyed Israel's famed 'Iron Dome' using an Iranian-made missile. On June 5, Hezbollah announced it had struck an Iron Dome launcher near Ramot Naftali, referred to by the group as "northern occupied Palestine."

A video released by Hezbollah confirmed the strike, showing a guided missile hitting the launcher. The following day, photos and information circulated on social media, indicating that the Iron Dome battery was destroyed by an Iran-origin Almas missile, reportedly supplied to Hezbollah by Tehran.

Various military bloggers and open-source intelligence accounts confirmed that Hezbollah used the 'Almas-3' anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) for the attack. Ironically, the Almas is based on Israel's Spike ATGM. The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) have not officially acknowledged the destruction, with some pro-Israeli bloggers suggesting the target could have been a decoy or inactive launcher.

Elijah J. Magnier, a veteran Middle East correspondent, noted on social media that Hezbollah's action was a message to stop the war on Gaza, implying that the Lebanese front would cease its activities in response. Pro-Iranian commentators praised the effectiveness of Iranian weapons, highlighting the Almas missile's capabilities.

The Almas missile is believed to be an Iranian reverse-engineered version of Israel's Spike missile, captured by Hezbollah during the 2006 war and subsequently brought to Iran. Hezbollah has been using various Iranian-supplied weapons against Israel since October last year.

Hezbollah's video of the attack shows the Almas missile approaching and striking the Iron Dome launcher. This wasn't the first use of the Almas against Israel; earlier footage from January showed the missile being used against an Israeli intelligence installation near the Lebanon border.

The Almas missile, capable of precise indirect attacks, poses a significant threat to Israeli military and border infrastructure. The Spike missile, used by the IDF with great success, is renowned for its precision and first-person control capabilities. The Almas' possession by Hezbollah, therefore, is concerning for Israel.

The Almas, meaning 'Diamond' in Persian, is a high-precision anti-tank guided missile developed by Iran and supplied to Hezbollah. The missile's sophisticated technology reflects Iran's robust missile development capabilities, with a range of about eight kilometers and a tandem warhead designed for high precision.

Hezbollah's acquisition of advanced weapons like the Almas underscores Iran's extensive support, providing the militant group with sophisticated missiles and rockets. Iran has a history of replicating Western ammunition, demonstrating its ability to produce weapons close to the originals in capability.

The development and deployment of the Almas missile by Hezbollah highlight the evolving threat landscape and the growing sophistication of Iran's missile technology, posing new challenges for Israel's defense systems.

Hezbollah Claims Destruction of Israel's Iron Dome, Releases Video Amid Escalating Tensions

 

Lebanon-based militant group Hezbollah has announced the destruction of Israel’s well-regarded Iron Dome air defense system. This claim came as Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned of potential "very intense" operations near Lebanon.

On June 5, Hezbollah claimed it struck an Iron Dome launcher near Ramot Naftali, referred to by Hezbollah as “northern occupied Palestine.” The group supported this claim with a video showing a guided missile hitting the launcher. Israeli media, however, did not confirm the aftermath of the attack.

Additional visuals emerged on social media showing an Iron Dome battery stationed at an Israel Defense Force (IDF) barrack being hit in a precision strike. Despite this, the IDF has not acknowledged any attack on the Iron Dome system. Earlier, on June 2, Hezbollah claimed to have destroyed an Iron Dome radar in the Golan Heights using attack drones, causing an explosion and casualties.

The video has sparked celebrations among pro-Iranian and pro-Palestinian social media users, who hailed it as the first-ever destruction of an Iron Dome battery.

Observers noted that while Hamas has attempted to destroy the Iron Dome in the past, there is no credible evidence of success, making Hezbollah’s claim more significant. Some users pointed out the irony of a system designed to destroy incoming missiles being destroyed by a missile.

Israel has extensively used the Iron Dome against incoming targets from Hezbollah and Hamas, particularly since launching a bombing campaign against Gaza following a Hamas attack in October 2023. The Iron Dome is credited with intercepting 99% of aerial targets launched by Iran in a large-scale attack in April 2024. Developed with US support, the Iron Dome is designed to intercept short-range rockets and has a reported success rate of over 90%.

The system’s reported failure to intercept a Hezbollah rocket has become a focal point on social media, highlighting Hezbollah’s growing capabilities. There are claims that Hezbollah has acquired more sophisticated weapons, allegedly supplied by Iran via Syria.

Israel and Hezbollah have been in continuous conflict since October last year, with Hezbollah opposing Israel’s war on Gaza, which has resulted in over 36,000 civilian deaths and widespread condemnation. In November, Hezbollah warned the US that Israel’s ongoing campaign could lead to regional escalation.

The recent destruction of an Iron Dome battery has intensified hostilities between Hezbollah and Israel. Following months of daily clashes, Prime Minister Netanyahu stated that Israel was “prepared for a very intense operation” in the north.

Fighting has increased over the past week, with Israel conducting deeper strikes into Lebanese territory, raising fears of a larger conflict. Netanyahu reiterated Israel’s readiness to restore security in the north during a visit to the border area.

Israel has intensified its attacks on Hezbollah members and Palestinian and Lebanese fighters in Lebanon. In retaliation, Hezbollah launched a drone attack on June 5, injuring at least ten people.

Netanyahu’s coalition partners, National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir and Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, have also called for aggressive action against Hezbollah. Israel’s Chief of the General Staff, Herzi Halevi, emphasized the military’s preparedness for an offensive in the north following extensive training.

Since October 7, Israeli strikes have killed around 300 Hezbollah members and 80 civilians. The Israeli military reported 18 soldiers and 10 civilian deaths from attacks originating in Lebanon.

Hezbollah's deputy head, Sheikh Naim Qassem, stated that while the group has not decided to expand the conflict, it is prepared to do so if necessary, warning that Israel would face significant destruction if the conflict escalated.

US Military Expands Stealth Technology for Bombers, AEW&C, and Support Aircraft

 

On May 22, 2024, the US Air Force (USAF) unveiled the first official photos of the B-21 Raider stealth bomber in flight, following its inaugural flight last year. Northrop Grumman, the manufacturer, released additional images showcasing the bomber's takeoff, flight, and presence at Edwards Air Force Base. The B-21 Raider joins the B-2 Spirit as the only active stealth bombers, with China's Xi’an H-20 expected by 2025 and Russia's Tupolev PAK DA by 2027. These aircraft represent the forefront of heavy stealth technology.

Stealth Technology Overview Stealth technology involves integrating various low-observable (LO) technologies to significantly reduce an aircraft's detectability. This includes minimizing radar cross-section (RCS), acoustic signature, thermal imprint, and other detectable attributes. The term "stealth" became widely known in the late 1980s with the F-117 stealth fighter's deployment during the 1991 Gulf War.

Key techniques include tilting or removing vertical stabilizers, applying radar-absorbing materials (RAM) to leading edges, and internalizing weapons and fuel tanks. Advanced materials and coatings, such as dielectric composites and transparent conductors for cockpit canopies, further reduce radar reflections. Placing engines within the wing or fuselage reduces infrared signatures, and passive infrared and low-light TV sensors help maintain stealth by avoiding active emissions.

Operational Use of Stealth Technology Stealth technology saw its first operational use with the F-117 in the Gulf War, later deployed in Yugoslavia, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Libya. Stealth helicopters, like the modified Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk used in the 2011 Osama bin Laden raid, also utilized stealth features. More recent combat applications include the F-22 over Syria and the Israeli F-35I in Syrian and Iranian airspace.

Limitations and Countermeasures Despite its advantages, stealth technology has limitations. Low-frequency radars can detect stealth aircraft, though with reduced accuracy. Infrared search and track (IRST) systems can detect aircraft heat signatures. Stealth design involves trade-offs in aerodynamics, development time, and cost, often requiring larger internal bays and specific maintenance procedures. Additionally, counters to stealth technology continue to evolve.

Stealth Aircraft Developments The B-2 Spirit, produced from 1987 to 2000, remains the only operational stealth bomber, with a wingspan of 172 feet and a maximum takeoff weight of 170,600 kg. The new B-21 Raider, smaller and estimated at $700 million per unit, aims to replace the aging B-2 fleet. The USAF plans to invest $203 billion over 30 years to develop and operate at least 100 B-21s. China's H-20 and Russia's PAK DA are still in development, with limited details available.

Future of Stealth Technology The USAF's plans include stealthy flight refueling aircraft (FRAs) to support closer refueling of stealth fighters and bombers in contested environments. Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works has proposed concepts for stealth tankers, and Boeing's MQ-25 Stingray is in development as a stealth refueling drone.

Stealth AEW&C aircraft, such as the Boeing E-7 Wedgetail, aim to reduce detectability through design modifications. Future stealth initiatives may also encompass cargo and special operations aircraft, with flying wing designs offering potential solutions for stealth transport.

Innovative Stealth Concepts Emerging technologies, such as metasurfaces and plasma stealth, promise further advancements in RCS reduction. Adaptive aero-elastic wings and fluidic controls are also under exploration, though these remain costly and in developmental stages.

Overall, the USAF's investment in stealth technology for various aircraft ensures continued global dominance and operational effectiveness in increasingly contested environments.

How Russia Rebuilt Its Military Force and Surprised the West: Pentagon Insights

 

In March, U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin detailed the extensive costs Russia has incurred from its invasion of Ukraine: over 315,000 troops killed or wounded, more than $211 billion spent, and 20 ships damaged or sunk in the Black Sea. Speaking at Ramstein Air Base in Germany, Austin emphasized the heavy toll on Russia due to President Vladimir Putin's ambitions.

However, by April, Austin's perspective had shifted. At a news conference, he and Gen. CQ Brown, the top U.S. military officer, acknowledged Russia's unexpected recovery. Austin noted that Russia had significantly increased its production, with its defense industry closely aligned with state directives, allowing rapid ramp-ups. Gen. Brown remarked that Russia had "aggressively reconstituted its military force."

This evolving view of Russia's military capabilities suggests a faster recovery than anticipated by the U.S. Initially, experts estimated that Russia's reconstitution of its military, especially its high-end equipment, would take five to ten years. U.S. Director of National Intelligence Avril Haines and other officials shared this long-term outlook in early 2023.

Yet, recent observations indicate that Russia's military has rebounded to pre-invasion levels. Gen. Christopher Cavoli, the top U.S. military officer in Europe, highlighted that despite some gaps, Russia's overall military capacity remains significant, with intentions to further expand.

Several factors have contributed to this rapid recovery:

1. Resilient Defense Industry: Russia has nearly tripled its defense budget, spending between $130 billion and $140 billion in 2024, equivalent to a substantial share of its GDP. This increased spending has boosted salaries and attracted more workers to the defense sector, with official figures showing a 20% rise in defense industry employment during the war. This funding has also facilitated the procurement of military hardware, doubling the budget share allocated for equipment.

2. Sanction Evasion: Despite a wide range of sanctions from the U.S. and Europe, Russia has managed to reroute its supply lines through allies like China. Trade between Russia and China hit an all-time high, with Chinese companies supplying critical components for Russian weapon production.

3. Support from Allies: Other U.S. adversaries, such as North Korea and Iran, have provided direct military aid to Russia. North Korea has supplied millions of artillery rounds, and Iran has sent numerous drones, which Russia has used extensively against Ukraine.

Russia's military growth raises concerns about sustainability. The U.K.'s Adm. Tony Radakin pointed out that while Russia is making progress, it relies heavily on Soviet-era inventories and struggles to train new recruits effectively. Despite substantial casualties, Russia continues to launch offensives, raising questions about how long it can maintain such operations.

Russia's reconstitution has involved refurbishing old equipment and leveraging partnerships with countries like Belarus and North Korea. However, the sustainability of these efforts remains uncertain, with varying estimates of Russia's actual production capabilities.

As both Russia and Ukraine face challenges in sustaining their military operations, the broader implications for NATO and global security continue to evolve. While Russia's recent advancements are significant, experts like Radakin believe that it will take about a decade for Russia to pose a serious threat to NATO again.

Strain on U.S. Munition Stockpiles: Challenges, Priorities, and the Need for Strategic Planning With China in mind

A Defense News article discusses the strain on U.S. munition stockpiles due to increased demand from Ukraine and Israel. In early 2023, the U.S. transferred artillery shells to Ukraine, but the ongoing conflict has depleted stockpiles, impacting munitions planning. Ukraine's monthly shell expenditure exceeds U.S. monthly production by approximately 3.6 times. Israel's request for 155mm shells further stresses stockpiles. The Pentagon's poor munitions planning raises concerns about its ability to address Indo-Pacific contingencies. Israel has also sought precision-guided munitions, raising questions about U.S. capacity and planning. Wargames indicate potential shortages in high-intensity conflicts with China. The article highlights deficiencies in the Navy's Tomahawk missile inventory and warns of potential challenges in responding to conflicts in multiple regions simultaneously. It emphasizes the need for strategic prioritization, reworking acquisition plans, and promoting multiyear procurement authorities for munitions. The article underscores the importance of addressing long-term munitions challenges to safeguard national interests.

Here is the link to the original article:

https://www.defensenews.com/opinion/2023/12/19/the-us-needs-more-munitions-to-deter-china/